RE: 7.62x39 VS 12 gauge slug
A good place to look at knockdown power is in Remington's ballistics tables. I randomly picked a 12-gauge slug (Rem model PR12CLU) and a 7.62x39mm cartridge (R762391). The slug has 2,325 foot-pounds of energy at 100 yards (no 75-yard figures available), where the 7.62 has 1,180 foot-pounds. On the other hand, the slug drops 1.3" in 100 yards (zero is at 50 yards), whereas the 7.62 is practically flat at that distance.
Clearly, the slug carries a lot more energy, but the 7.62 kicks an awful lot less and is more accurate. Both will put a deer on the ground, so it probably comes down to which gun you have more confidence in. Hope this helps!
(P.S. - If you take the 7.62 into the deer woods, you might catch some flak from fellow hunters about hunting with a "machine gun." Even though that's not so, it might give you something else on which to base your decision.)
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