When you were shooting patched roundball, what powder, charge, and patch were you shooting. Not all of the Renegades will behave and you have to experiment with them sometimes. Mine also shoots the red sabots and large chunks of lead. But 90 grains of 2f powder, and a patched roundball is normally very accurate.
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I have had several 54 cal 1:48 Thompson center barrels. I have never had one that would not shoot a PRB good enough to hunt with. Actually all have shot really well. All of mine have liked a .530" or .535" ball with a .015" or .020" patch with around 90-100 grains of FFG. I have never had a 1:48 T/C that would not shoot a PRB with great accuracy and I have had them all from .45 cal to .58 cal. Play around with ball diameters, patch thickness, and powder charges and you will find what you are looking for. Also with the shallow groove with the T/C barrels I have found that depending on the barrel you may have to clean after every shot to every 4-5 shots. All barrels are different.
Josmund, by any chance were you using Triple Seven? With patched balls I've always had better luck with Pyrodex RS than with T7.
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With my Renegade, I am shooting 90 grains of Goex 2F Black, Ox-Yoke .015 pre-lubed patch and .530 ball, at 50 yards shots touch, and I can keep them within 2-3" at a 100 yards
I have a Traditions .54 cal. with a 24" 1 in 48 inch twist and have had problems working up a good load for round balls with it. When I was trying to find a good load for round balls I tried some sabots also. They shot extremely well. I was using the orange .45/.54 Thompson Center Mag Express .54 caliber sabot and a .45 cal. 240 grain XTP with 3f Goex. I was disappointed because I bought the rifle to shoot round balls with. My next step will be to try some old blue jean patches and see what happens. Here's 2 targets at 100 yards.
3 shot group.
2 shot group.
A .54 Renegade, my first ML, came w/ strict instructions to shoot PRB w/ 95 gr Pyrodex.
So I did. And after 10 shots or so my shoulder hurt; groups were OK but not great at 50 yds .
The day I decided to sell that rifle I took it out one last time but loaded w/ 75 gr instead. Groups tightened considerably as I recall and it was actually enjoyable to shoot.