I just measured 53.3 gr (weight) of T7.
Then I transfered that to a powder measure. I got 74 gr (volume).
I then transferred that to a 45-70 case.
I don't think air space is a problem because when I set a 405 gr bullet beside the case down to the crimp groove it would be a heavily compressed load.
So all that being said. I think you are useing too much powder. So I went to the Hodgdon site.
and found this data note;
http://www.hodgdon.com/loading.html
Then I went to the load data page. and found this;
http://www.hodgdon.com/PDF/muzzleloa...?CHECKBOX_1=on
Your answer is at the bottom of page 2 right hand column.
Their load data (Hodgdon's) tell's me, to tell you, to back off your load. Use a volume measure not a weight scale. Use the proper bullets.
You are playing with fire .
Good luck and play safe.
HA